Essay on Marriage Proposal in Pride and Prejudice

Marriage Proposal in Pride and Prejudice During Pride and Prejudice there are six examples of marriage proposals to consider. Throughout this essay I am going to be commenting on the proposals between Mr Darcy and Lizzie the first time, Mr Collins and Lizzie, Mr Collins and Charlotte as well as Mr Bingley and Jane, Wickham and Lydia and the second proposal of Mr Darcy to Lizzie. Whilst looking at these proposals I will also be analysing the aspects of Love, Money, the relative status and class and the views of others, which might have influence within these proposals. The first proposal I am going to analyse is Mr Darcy to Lizzie. Mr Darcy proposed to Lizzie in Kent at Mr Collins and Charlottes house when Lizzie was†¦show more content†¦Mr Darcy gets to a stage where he cant avoid his feelings for Lizzie anymore so he decides to act upon them because Lizzie is so beneath him he assumes that Lizzie will have no other option but to accept his proposal as he feels that she cant resist him as he has enough money and class to set her up for life. Mr Darcy says to Lizzie. In vain I have struggled. It will not do. My feelings for you cannot be repressed. You must allow me to tell you how ardently I admire and love you. However to Mr Darcys surprise Lizzie refuses his proposal as she will only marry for love and she doesnt love Mr Darcy and she also is outraged with Mr Darcy at the insults towards her family. Just before the proposal Lizzie also found out that Mr Darcy had separated her sister and her love, Mr Bingley by persuading him to move back to London, which infuriates Lizzie even more. Lizzie says to Mr Darcy. You are mistaken, Mr Darcy, if you suppose that he mode of your declaration affected me in any other way, than as it spared me the concern which I might have felt in refusing you, had you behaved in a more gentlemen like manner. This quotation showed how much Lizzie really despised him at that moment in time by questioning his gentlemen like manner, which was a big thing for men in those days. The second proposal I am going to look at is Mr Collins to Lizzie. Mr Collins proposed to Lizzie at Longbourne, the family estate. Mr Collins was aShow MoreRelatedMarriage Proposals in Jane Austens Pride and Prejudice Essay1128 Words   |  5 PagesMarriage Proposals in Jane Austens Pride and Prejudice Romance Versus Security. It is universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune, must be in want of a wife. These are the words of Jane Austen, and like many people of her time, she believed very much in the importance of finding a wealthy husband for young women. Jane Austens novel reflects the importance of marriage to many people around 1775. Although events such as theRead MoreAustens Diverse Presentations of Marriage Proposals in Pride and Prejudice2141 Words   |  9 Pagesâ€Å"It is a truth universally acknowledged that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife.† These are the infamous first words of Jane Austen’s Pride and prejudice. It is a beautiful, semi-epistolary romance novel about the love and relationships in Regency Britain, set in a fictional town called Meryton in Hertfordshire. It also tells a story about how even the most perceptive people can quickly and wrongly judge people as proud or unloving, when in fact, they are justRead MoreWhat the Two Proposals in Pride and Prejudice Reveal About Marriage in that Culture1254 Words   |  6 Pages‘Pride and Prejudice’ is a novel fixated on marriage: throughout, all the ‘action’ occurs within scenes devoted to either the talk of marriage or actual proposals. 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These are outlined through their first prejudiced dislike of each other when they first meet, the stronger feelings for ElizabethRead MorePride And Prejudice By Jane Austen1399 Words   |  6 PagesPride and Prejudice The novel Pride and Prejudice written by Jane Austen is a satirical depiction of the social life and atmosphere of eighteenth and nineteenth century England, which at the time was predominantly concerned with the courtship customs of the English gentry. The novel, through Austen’s ironic and subtle writing style, is far more than just a romantic comedy, since it skillfully addresses and combines the political, economic, philosophical and feminist themes of its periodRead More Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen 1104 Words   |  5 PagesNineteenth Century Marriage From A Twenty-First Century Perspective In society today, some women may not even consider marrying. According to â€Å"The State of Our Unions,† there has been a decline in the marriage rate of over 50% from 1970-2010. However, during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, marriage was often one of the few choices for a woman’s occupation. Reading Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen from the twenty-first century perspective might make some matters that are stressed in theRead MoreThe Austen Marriage1601 Words   |  7 PagesThe females in Pride and Prejudice have their moral values reflected in their marriage. They each have a predetermined standard – whether it is love or monetary gain, or superficial or complex – of what constitutes a marital relationship. According to Zimmerman, â€Å"the character from whose point of view much of the action is seen is Elizabeth† (67). She is either the one being married or is the one giving opinion on another’s marriage. Jane Austen utilize s Elizabeth as the crux of the plot’s movement

Essay on Abortion is Unethical - 1004 Words

Abortion is Unethical The Center for Bioethical Reform states that on lifetime average there will be one abortion per woman in the world. This makes abortion a very relative point of ethical discussion. According to the World Resources Institute there are about 3,155,945 females world-wide, and if you used crude mathematics to make a rough estimate you would have potentially 3,155,945 lost lives. We can no longer ignore an issue with such impact. I believe that abortion is an unethical act and should not be an option to anyone. One could say that an abortion should be legal because the developing fetus is part of the female and she should be able to do with her body what she likes, but this is not so. The fetus is not part of her†¦show more content†¦This makes the mother’s health argument a hypothetical situation that does not hold up to the test of reality. Hypothetical situations are often created to give reasons for abortions but the facts show that they are not the main reason. A surv ey of women after they had had abortions to find out why they got an abortion shows that these situations are indeed hypothetical and just that. The facts show that the main reason for abortions is simply to postpone childbirth. The main reason stated by women who had had abortions (25.5%) was to postpone child birth. This reason was far greater than rape (1%), risk to maternal health (2.8%), and risk to fetal health (3.3%). One can easily see that females who have had abortions almost never do it because of rape, or risk to their own health. These are invented situations to induce sympathy on lawmakers. Therefore the majority of aborted babies are due to people who are not ready to face the consequences of sex. They think that they are ready for sex but then are often overwhelmed when the results of their actions confront them and they choose the seemingly easy way out. Abortion is still legal in America because people want to keep the easy escape option available to those who make ‘mistakes’. Saying that everyShow MoreRelatedAbortion - Ethical or Unethical1680 Words   |  7 PagesAbortion â€Å"Ethical or Unethical† In my paper I will argue on why I feel that abortions are unethical and why they should not be allowed. As you are reading this paper I really hope that I don’t start to contradict myself. Let me begin by saying there are several different reasons why abortions should be prohibited. The first reason why I feel that abortions should be prohibited is because of religious laws. The bible says that â€Å"thou shall not kill†. By aborting babies we are disobeying god andRead MoreAbortion Is Immoral And Unethical1234 Words   |  5 Pagestwo options: keep the baby and change her plans to fit those needs, or have an abortion. The choice is hers to make and legally, she can have an abortion if desired. Morally, however, there are many other aspects to consider. Abortion, as defined by Merriam-Webster, is the termination of a pregnancy after, accompanied by, resulting in, or closely followed by the death of the embryo or fetus. For over a century, abortion has been one of the most highly disputed subjects in America, and this trendRead MoreEssay about Abortion is Unethical2735 Words   |  11 Pages Over 46 million abortions are performed worldwide each year. Today, 11,000 frozen human embryos are stored in Australia alone. Human embryos are being killed in experiments and tossed out into the trash like moldy food in your refrigerator. Euthanasia has become legal and practiced in many countries, as well as the death penalty where there have even been cases of innocent people put to death. Taking birth control pills is becoming as common as popping in some Tylenol for a headacheRead MorePro-Life: Abortion is Unethical and Immoral Essay example1606 Words   |  7 PagesAmong the Nations leading controversy’s, the bilateral issue of abortion seems to be a popular yet, contentious debate. For several decades, abortion has been a never ending conflict that has caused a division among society. This bitter political brawling has cr eated a pointless stalemate that has left the abortion issue unresolved. What is right and what is wrong? Should a woman be allowed to have an abortion and deprive a child from life or should she be forced to forfeit her right to make herRead MoreAbortion : Pro Choice Or Pro Life1105 Words   |  5 PagesArlen Fortunato May 3, 2016 Stephanie Haidul SC107A-OL Abortion: Pro-Choice or Pro-Life As of today, Abortion has not only been unethical way to prevent life, but every day is thought to be the reason why stem cell research hasn’t progressed as much as it has. Abortion not only makes stem cell research seem unethical, it shows how much curiosity a human has that could make it unethical. If abortion becomes an alternative to something that was apparently a mistake it would not only make doctorsRead MoreAbortion : An Illegal Act Of Killing A Fetus943 Words   |  4 PagesAbortion is one of many key issues that women are faced with in today’s world, to not have a child or conceiving a child through conception. What is abortion these days? To many, abortion is considered an illegal act of killing a fetus, while others believe abortion to be legal by law and punishable for it. It is unclear if the law will make its ruling to put a ban on abortion but it has come with its shared controversy. The first reason why abortion should be legal is the involvement due to churchesRead MoreAbortion : Ethical And Moral1495 Words   |  6 PagesAbortion Introduction Is it ethical and moral to have an abortion? The definition of abortion is â€Å"deliberate removal or deliberate action to cause the expulsion of a fetus from the womb of a human female, at the request of or through the agency of the mother, so as in fact to result in the death of the fetus† (Merriam-Webster, 2016). What about the morality of un-coerced, human abortion for our purposes abortions are voluntary, deliberate removals of a human fetus (Objections to Warren, 2016)Read MoreIs Abortion Ethical Or Ethical?907 Words   |  4 Pages Is abortion ethical? There are certain situations where it could be, such as not being able to carry the baby to term due to health concerns, emotional, personal concerns, and financial stability. However, there are certainly many situations where abortion is not ethical due to immature and careless reason between to sexual partners having sex. I believe Abortion can be ethical depending on the circumstances one is in. â€Å"Most of us believe that women are entitled to abortions if they want them,Read MoreAbortion - Another Day Another Dead Baby Essay714 Words   |  3 PagesAbortion is not the solution to your problems. Murder is not acceptableâ€Å"[in] regard to innocent human existence† (Judie, Evangelisto). Only â€Å"God should decide who lives or dies, and that applies to the ‘preborn’ as well as the born† (Judie, Evangelisto). Ever since the 1973 Supreme Court case of Roe vs. Wade legalized abortion, it has been an extremely debated issue. Still, legalizing something doesn’t necessarily make it morally appropriate. This is the circumstance with abortion; therefore, itRead MoreThe Women Dying For An Abortion903 Words   |  4 PagesReproductive rights, particularly with regards to abortion, is the main topic of â€Å"The women dying for an abortion in Sierra Leone.† This article describes that conditions under which women in Sierra Leone become pr egnant unwillingly (Devries, 2016) and seek out an abortion, removing a fetus before it is able to live separately from its mother (Edge Groves, 2006, p.257), as a means of intervention. Someone women in Sierra Leone who end up with an unwanted pregnancy are not educated about the different

Government Business Relations Business Organisation

Question: Discuss about theGovernment Business Relationsfor Business Organisation. Answer: Introduction The relationship in between the government of a nation and business organisation is complex in inherent manner and this relationship should be understood by the society, as it is an essential relationship. According to Cavusgil et al. (2014), in a country, business organisation and the government are interdependent and interrelated on each other as in todays competitive global business economy, the entrepreneurs and business experts have been proved as the basic driving forces of economy. The government of a country shapes and designs the business activities and functions for better economic condition within a particular country. In this essay, there will be detailed discussion on the effective regulations of using the performance enhancing drugs at Rio Olympic 2016 and its direct impact on the government business relationship. The government maintains an upward and steady economic growth for making and controlling the suitable business environment of an organisation. Events like Oly mpic is expected to follow the policies and legislations implemented by the government for using the performance enhancing drugs at Rio Olympic for the constant progression of the business environment (Bell Hindmoor, 2014). Discussion The business relationships are influenced by the incorporated regulations and laws by the government, even there are regulatory bodies and various government agencies, which deliberately control and handle critical situations encountered by the business organisation (Diale, 2012). Curran (2012) has mentioned that government of a country can be influenced by the business operations of an organisation. With lobbying and personal conducts an event, influence the activities of the government. The use of performance enhancing drugs is a controversial issue to discuss in this competitive sports world. However, there are strict regulations of using the drugs, which are capable of enhance the performance of the athletes can hamper the fairness, health of the athlete. As doping causes an economic damage of the nation in immense manner, therefore it can influence the government business relation. There are various sports organisations; which supports the performance enhancing drugs for the ath letes without obeying the established regulations for it. Even in Rio Olympic, there were cases like using drugs like steroids, blood doping for enhancing the performance in the biggest event of sports. There are committees of political action within the government and the large investment influence the government for investigating the use of this performance enhancing drugs and the impact of such regulations, which can prevent such practices as it has direct impact on the government business relationship of a nation. Jovarauskien? Pilinkien? (2015) have contradicted that large sports organisations and sponsors usually intend to force the government for acting in a manner, which provides immense benefit for using the performance enhancing drugs in smooth way. However, it is a known fact that every sports person should follow a legitimate way to persuade the governmental policies, rules and regulations related to the use of performance enhancing drugs. Still, there are also instance s of an athlete is going beyond its limit for enjoying a best position in Olympic, the biggest and famous event of sports without any concern of the government (Carroll Buchholtz, 2014). The political leaders, government officials and the corporate executives belong to the same social class and it helps to share a personal relationship in between both parties. However, the athletes forms group in a formal manner in order to present the critical issues to the government bodies for finding effective measures for using the performance enhancing drugs at Rio Olympic. There are several debates upon what could have happened if there were no strict regulations for using performance enhancing drugs at Rio Olympic. Diale (2012) has argued that if there was allowance of using performance increase g drugs then it possess the potentiality of making sports more honest and entertaining than now. Fisher (2012) has suggested that chamber of commerce and the trade unions are closely associated with the business companies with similar interest. Both the organisation and governmental agencies investigate to search common issues of the enterprises and then prepare reports. On the other hand, the political action committees (PACs) of Australia help to solicit money in order to share the decisions of the associated political candidates. There are also instances of donating money by the business executives to the political parties of a nation, whose views are similar to them for violating the regulations of using performance-enhancing drugs by the sports person. As opined by Charlesworth Macdonald (2014), there is an attempt by the government for designing and shaping the sports events like Rio Olympics through implementing effective regulation, rules, policies and legislations both in indirect and direct manner. The athletes of modern era of technology used to receive drugs like steroids as it can be detected only with high range of detection machines, which are hardly available in all sports events. However, in sports events like Rio Olympics, there were instances of doping and several athletes from Australia, US and Russia had tested positive in the dope detectio n taste, which banned them for the entire Olympics and it damages the government business relationship of a nation. With incorporating such strict legislations, the government of every country forces the athletes not to dope anymore in order to retain the perfect image of the country. Many critics have criticised that as the rules and regulations of Brazil is strict enough for using the performance enhancing drugs for the athletes, therefore, it may create a negative impact upon the government business relationship. Walker et al. (2012) have argued that often the government of a country perceive an indirect method or approach for shaping the entire sports activities of a nation. Australian government often intends to transform the sports organisational policies by employing the effective drug using policies and procedures. Even the government can provide tax incentives for those sports complex and sponsors, which perform according to the appropriate use of performance developing drugs, such as steroids for offering a safe and environment friendly society, which is corruption free. According to Muk heibir et al. (2013), the use of steroids also damages the brand image of elite and famous athletes, whose sports performance possess the capability to influence the behaviour of the spectator. There are several common ways, which suggests the act and view of the sports business solely depended upon the fundamental relationship with the government of a country. Australian government can favour the sports practice of the entire nation and the process of incentivise the basic business performances with proper investment policies and rules. Government is expected to support every growing business with applicable tax credits, subsidies and grants as it can be considered as major sources of the societal economy, innovation, scope of job opportunities and the economic well being of the entire business organisation and the use of performance enhancing drugs in Rio Olympic. Fish (2013) has mentioned that the relationship in between the government and the sports organisation reveals the part nership in order to address the crucial societal matters, like excessive use of drugs, which can affect the health, fitness and figure of the athletes. Dunning (2014) has referred that the governmental policies should be updated with the constant changing policies of the sports organisation otherwise it cannot mitigate the encountered societal challenges instead of the ideological responses related to the appropriate governmental roles and responsibilities in a completely free economic condition within the market. The governmental policies are suitable for sustainable business of the sports companies, as it tends to concentrate o the elementary responsibilities to the societal and environmental impact for recognising and analysing programs and policies of the government. Even the governmental legislations and laws help to curb the corruptions within the Rio Olympics to operate sports events in ethical manner. There are more than 1600 enterprises in Brazil during the Rio Olympics, wh ich employ private investigators in order to examine whether the policies of drugs are being used by the athletes or not. Conclusion Government business relations involve the impact of the political economy, which revolves around the fundamental idea of capitalism. Even the governmental policies and procedures help to mitigate issues regarding open communication, actions proposed by socialism in order to enable the standard quality of the economic conditions. However, from this essay, it has revealed that the laws and legislations of government are strict enough to manage the use of performance enhancing drug by the athletes at Rio Olympics and its impact upon the government business relationship. Various studies have revealed the fact that the government of Brazil has taken effective actions during Rio Olympics with its potential and suitable regulations of using performance-enhancing drugs in order to maintain a perfect government business relationship. Even the governmental policies and legislations help Rio Olympics to continue the entire events in smooth manner. With the constant changes in the contemporary b usiness world, the governmental policies of Brazil have been changed in gradual manner for offering more flexible place s for the athletes, sports organisations and sponsors. This essay truly reveals the importance of effective regulations of using performance enhancing drugs at Rio Olympics and its actual impact upon government business relationship. References Bell, S., Hindmoor, A. (2014). The structural power of business and the power of ideas: The strange case of the Australian mining tax.New Political Economy,19(3), 470-486. Carroll, A. B., Buchholtz, A. K. (2014).Business and society: Ethics, sustainability, and stakeholder management. Nelson Education. Cavusgil, S. T., Knight, G., Riesenberger, J. R., Rammal, H. G., Rose, E. L. (2014).International business. Pearson Australia. Charlesworth, S., Macdonald, F. (2014). Women, work and industrial relations in Australia in 2013.Journal of Industrial Relations,56(3), 381-396. Curran, G. (2012). Contested energy futures: shaping renewable energy narratives in Australia.Global Environmental Change,22(1), 236-244. Diale, A. J. (2012, January). The relevance or irrelevance of corporate social responsibility (CSR) to enhance government-business relations in South Africa: A theoretical exposition. InGlobal Conference on Business Finance Proceedings(Vol. 7, No. 1, p. 759). Institute for Business Finance Research. Dunning, J. H. (2014).The Globalization of Business (Routledge Revivals): The Challenge of the 1990s. Routledge. Fish, A. (2013). Reshaping the undergraduate business curriculum and scholarship experiences in Australia to support whole-person outcomes.Asian Education and Development Studies,2(1), 53-69. Fisher, R. C. (Ed.). (2012).Intergovernmental fiscal relations(Vol. 56). Springer Science Business Media. Jovarauskien?, D., Pilinkien?, V. (2015). E-Business or E-technology?.Engineering Economics,61(1). Mukheibir, P., Kuruppu, N., Gero, A., Herriman, J. (2013). Overcoming cross-scale challenges to climate change adaptation for local government: a focus on Australia.Climatic change,121(2), 271-283. Walker, B. W., Porter, D. J., Marsh, I. (2012). Fixing the hole in Australia's heartland: how government needs to work in remote Australia.

Natural gas drilling and health effects on the community

Introduction The following essay is concerned with the effects of natural gas drilling and health effects on the community. The essay also examines the solutions of the natural gas drilling and health effects on the community.However, it is important to first determine the meaning of natural gas before considering its effects on the community. Natural gas refers to a gas that consists methane and its one of the main energy sources in the modern world.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Natural gas drilling and health effects on the community specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The natural gas simply refereed to as the gas contains Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) which is harmful as far as the people’s health is concerned. The gas is present in abundance in most parts of the United States for instance Texas, New York among other states. The gas is extracted by a method which is referring to as hydraulic fracturing and it is extracted from the underground rock through drilling the solution vigorously into the ground at extremely high pressures. The solution usually contains some poisonous substances which contaminate the groundwater and this has thus been the matter under discussion in most parts of the United States in the past few years. Many citizens in the United States have complained to the state as well as the federal agencies about the effects as a result of natural gas drilling (West Coast Offshore Exploration Environmental Assessment Panel, 1986). Effects of natural gas drilling and health effects on the community The natural gas drilling usually has effects on both the environment as well as the community as it affects the air, water and the soil as well as the people who live near the drilling locations. Thus the natural gas has the following effects as far as the communities are concerned; The drilling of natural gas often leads to an increase in the traffic jams. The roads that leads to the drilling areas are usually not meant to be used by huge trucks and so their continuous use makes the roads to wear out. Much time is wasted as a result of traffic jams as the lanes are not wide enough for tracks to turn change directions easily. The drivers on the other hand usually violate the traffic laws by not maintaining a single lane and hence causing accidents. This poses danger to the residents as there are more than three accidents that are reported to have occurred in a day in the drilling locations. In Silver Hill for instance, it is very hard for a day to end without an accident involving the drilling trucks being reported. The roads are usually left in a poor state as no repairs are done and this inconveniences the residents who live in natural gas drilling areas. For instance, the roads are barricaded during winter season as a result of multiplication of vehicles daily. This forces the local residents to look for other roads and this is quite inconveniencing as mu ch time is wasted for wrong reasons (Epstein Manzoni, 2006).Advertising Looking for essay on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The other effect as a result of natural gas drilling is water pollution. Huge volumes of used coal often referred to as cinder are laid down particularly during winter season so that the trucks can have some grips. During summer, the snow liquefies causing the solution to mix with the underground water. This is dangerous because when the dust breathed, it causes such effects as damage of the nervous system as well as the organs, eye iritatation, unconsciousness, death among others. The hydraulic fracturing process also poses danger to the residents in that dust particles, water as well as chemical substances are put into the wells so as to smash the underlying rocks. When the underlying rocks are fractured, the water that was blasted returns to the wells causing the water in the w ells to be salty. The salty water contains harmful chemicals which when drunk can cause serious effects. Natural gas drilling is also characterized with the problem of flaring which arises when the drilling firms burns the excess flammable vapors. This is dangerous since the natural gas contains hydrogen Sulfide which is toxic. The gas also produces detectable odor and when inhaled, it can cause death or such adverse effects as paralysis of olfactory nerve, neurophysiological abnormalities among others (Mokhatab, et.al.2006). The negative effects of natural gas drilling contributes to falling prices of real property i.e. real estate is a spatial commodity implying that its value is directly linked to what is going on around it.Thus, the investors finds it hard to sell their properties as buyers don’t like to buy houses that are located near drilling areas due to the activities that happens there on daily basis. Usually, the people’s willingness to buy a land or a given property is influenced by such factors as location e.t.c.Therefore; the loss of value with regards to real property in natural gas drilling locations is as a result of lack of inaccessibility. A real estate that is easily accessible, found in a good natural aesthetic, social and physical environment of good size and quality attracts more buyers. Natural gas drilling is characterized by loud noises as well as air pollution and this often causes poor health. The residents who live in natural gas drilling areas often companions about the noise that is associated with drilling. The noise usually varies in accordance with the space between the compressor and the residential area and therefore, those people who are close to the drilling location are greatly affected. The strength of the wind also makes the noise level to change and the residents can hardly sleep before they hear the loud and disturbing noise of the drilling machines.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Natural gas drilling and health effects on the community specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The tracks are also a common source of noise. There are huge traffics of these tracks and they produce loud noise especially when hooting making the residents to have a feeling as though they live in an area that was meant to be an industrial zone. The residents in this area have a right to be free from unwanted noise and so the drilling companies violate their individual rights. Natural gas drilling also has adverse effects as it causes injuries to the persons who are employed in this sector. Some of the accidents that may arise as a result of natural gas drilling includes the following; the production tanks usually explodes in the oil drilling areas and has caused death and other serious effects such as incapacitation, also the wells have been known to blowout, the heavy equipment poses a danger because it can clash someone, there are injuries associated with the unsecured ladders among others. The effects of natural gas drilling ranges from death, severe burns, blindness, deafness, limb breakages among others. The family members of these workers are greatly affected and in case of death, the children are left without anyone to care for them. Natural gas drilling has also been characterized with flash floods. These flash floods have devastating effects such as demolishing houses, destroying bridges, uprooting the trees, road damages, traffic congestion, and farmland damages among others. Thus the flash floods affect the daily activities of residents who live near the natural gas drilling locations. Flash floods also lead to loss of people’s lives and so the oil drilling companies really poses a danger upon the lives of the communities. Natural gas drilling may also cause volcano eruptions and this is dangerous as far as people are concerned. Volcano eruptions have been known to have catastrophic and devastating ef fects in areas where they occur. People get killed and a high number are forced to leave their land and migrate elsewhere. The volcano eruptions also has an effects with regards to the global climate earthquakes may also result following a volcano eruption and this is really threatening as far as the communities that live near to where natural gas is drilled (James Lahti,2004). There are numerous oil spills as well as gas leakages in the drilling areas and this has an effect of killing the aquatic life such as fish e.t.c.once the oil drains into seas and lakes. Once the chemical solutions get into waterways as a result of the fracturing process spreads at a faster rate .This is due to the fact that the currents facilitate the solutions to spread faster.Advertising Looking for essay on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This in turn has an effect on the communities that relies on fishing as their means of livelihood. Gas leakages also causes respiratory diseases, imparing the proper functioning of the lungs as well as asthma when breathed.Also, explosions may occur as a result of natural gas exposure and this is dangerous as far as the health of someone is concerned. Natural gas drilling has been characterized by an increase in population due to the employment opportunities that the occupation generates. The rise in population has adverse effects which include the following; high population growth has the effect of increasing the prices for rented houses in places where the natural gas is drilled. This is due to the fact that there is high demand and so the landlords are tempted to increase the prices in an effort to maximize their profits. There are also increased crimes as a result of increased population in the oil and natural gas drilling locations. Cases of rape, murder, and robbery among othe rs are usually reported on daily basis.Also, the social amenities such as hospitals, schools, recreational grounds among others are usually given pressure. The natural gas drilling has an effect of damaging the wildlife as a result of water pollution and this in turn causes a decline of the number of tourists. This decline implies that the government losses revenues as well as foreign exchange earnings. It also leads to massive unemployment for the local residents who are employed in the tourism sector (James Lahti, 2004). Natural gas energy is much cleaner as compared to oil but despite this, there are greenhouse gases that are emitted in the air during the drilling process and this is harmful to the local residents. The greenhouse gas is dangerous as it is known to trap heat as well as carbon dioxide and this has an effect of causing the global warmings.This global warming have caused a reduction of fresh waters and has also seen an extinction of some of the endangered species in the world. These animal species are also forced to change their habitats implying a reduction of the number of tourists in the gas drilling areas. The rains have also been affected implying that the farmers are not able to produce more due to persistent droughts. Many families that rely entirely on agriculture in gas drilling areas have been affected as a result. The gas leakages also causes harm with regards to plants and this thus affects the farmers who live in gas drilling areas. The natural gas drilling can also bring about the Normally Occurring Radioactive Material commonly known as NORMS into the surface and this is harmful as far as the public health is concerned. Normally Occurring Radioactive if not handed in a proper manner can even cause deaths. Other effect as a result of Normally Occurring Radioactive Material exposure includes cancer, birth defects among others. Exposure to Normally Occurring Radioactive is dangerous as far as the communities that lives in the drill ing areas are concerned due to the long term effects that it has when either ingested or inhaled (National Research Council, 2003). Natural gas drilling also puts strain on the available healthcare services as a result of injuries that result during the drilling process. The town emergency team is usually overworked due to the job related injuries that occurs to the employees who works in the drilling sites. The noise that is produced during the drilling process often affects the school children in that it makes them to lose concentration and hence making them to attain lower grades as compared to those students who attends schools that are situated in a quiet enviroment.Also, the patients in hospitals are greatly affected by the loud noises that are produced by the trucks as well as the drilling machines (Geological Survey, 2010). Solution to natural gas drilling and health effects on the community The community that lives in areas where natural gas is drilled can take the followin g steps in order to cope with the harmful effects of natural gas drilling; they should stop drinking the tap water due to the fact that the drilling process contaminates the ground water. As a result there is numerous chemicals that are harmful are usually spread during the fracturing process. Though bottled water is much costly, it is much safer to use it as far as the health is concerned. The residents should also find close substitutes of water such as juice. Also, they should abandon those areas that are associated with natural gas drilling. This is the most ideal way of dealing with the negative effects of natural gas drilling.They should put priority to their health and leave these areas even if it means parting away with their familiy heritage . The government should act promptly so as to safeguard the well being of its citizens.Essentially,Federal laws have been know to exempt the oil and gas industries from such Acts as clean air, water as well as drinking water and therefo re the Federal laws should be revised so as to put regulations to the gas industry. This will in turn make the gas industry to be conscious of their actions with regards to the health needs of the general public. Those gas companies that are found to have violated the rights of communities should be heavily fined and if possible their operating licenses cancelled. The local government should also make it compulsory for the truck drivers to pay taxes that will be used in repairing the roads.Usually, the trucks damages the roads making it hard for the local residents to drive on and so, the government should set up tolls for each road user. This will help to minimize the number of accidents that are associated with poor roads and also enhance efficiency and effectiveness on the roads. The trucks number in a day should also be controlled as well as their weights so as to ensure that they don’t damage the roads (National Research Council, 2003). The government should also ensure that safety measures are put in place by the gas drilling issuing them with licenses. The government should thus refrain from issuing the oil companies with licenses until it is certain that the wellbeing of the communities is not at risk. However, before a drilling process commences, the government should do the following; the government should come up with water as well as land guidelines that will provide the oil companies with instructions on how they should carry out their activities .This guidelines will ensure that the oil firms acts in a responsible manner as far as the public health on communities is concerned (West Coast Offshore Exploration Environmental Assessment Panel, 1986). The government should ensure that there are proper ways of handling the hazardous waste by requiring bonding for the reservoirs. Those gas companies which do not comply with this requirement should not be issued with operating licenses. Steel linings should be recommended instead of plastic ones f or reservoirs that contain the drilling solutions due to the fact that plastic linings are usually not strong and can break leading to spillages and in turn contaminate the groundwater. The government should also provide education on the effects of natural gas drilling to the communities that live in the oil drilling areas. This will enable them to fully understand the impacts and thus devise strategies on how to handle them. There should be laws that restrict the gas companies from operating near the schools or hospitals and measures should be taken on those companies that are found to be violating this law. With regards to the declining property values, the local government should come up with plans that are aimed at increasing the demand for instance, improving the road networks in these areas, access credit at good terms to investors who wishes to buy houses these areas, lowering the cost of constriction materials among others (West Coast Offshore Exploration Environmental Asses sment Panel, 1986). Conclusion Natural gas drilling poses danger with regards to the communities that lives near the sites. The effects as a result of natural gas can be felt for many years. Natural gas contaminates water thus affecting people as well as the aquatic life. It also affects the wildlife, farming lands, roads, plants among many things. Natural gas also has an effect as far as global warming is concerned. Despite the above disadvantages, natural gas drilling also has some advantages which include the following; natural gas is much cleaner as compared to other modes of energy such as fossil fuels, it provides employment to the larger communities that lives where the sites are located, it is applied in many homes for cooking among others. However, there is need for the government to put up regulations as far as drilling is concerned so as to protect its citizens from the negative effects of natural gas drilling. The communities too should take responsibility of protecting themselves from the adverse effects of natural gas by taking such measures as choosing not to live near the gas drilling firm’s e.t.c. Reference List Epstein, M Manzoni, J. (2006). Performance measurement and management  Control: improving organizations and society. London: Emerald Group Publishing. Geological Survey. (2010). Bulletin – United States Geological Survey. US: The Survey publications. James, S Lahti, T. (2004).The natural step for communities: how cities and  Towns can change to sustainable practices. Philadelphia: New Society Publishers Mokhatab, N. (2006). Handbook of natural gas transmission and processing  Chemical, Petrochemical Process. Amsterdam: Gulf Professional Publishing National Research Council. (2003). Cumulative environmental effects of oil and  Gas activities on Alaska’s North Slope. Washington, Conational Academies Press. The University of Michigan. (1978). Oil and gas activities, Issues 13-15.Toronto: Information-Canada. West Coast Offshore Exploration Environmental Assessment Panel. (1986). Offshore hydrocarbon exploration. Victoria: Province of British Columbia. This essay on Natural gas drilling and health effects on the community was written and submitted by user Ada Wilson to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Free Essays on Social Capital

Introduction Social capital has commonly been studied in recent years from the perspective of sociology and political science. Through the various different works of Robert Putnam, Francis Fukuyama, and James Coleman, as well as others, the complexity of social capital has been broken down to people’s relationships and the values which they hold with each other. Social capital has been regarded as a useful element in democratic governance (Putnam) and economic stability in countries (Fukuyama). Trust has become a main element in the development of social capital. Civic engagement, social networking, and participation in public organizations help boost social capital, but these trends are on the decline in America. Many theorists believe this is the reason for our lack of trust in the government. If the people do not place trust in each other, than how can they trust the people which they elect into office. This is the very concept in which I developed my hypothesis: In comparing individuals, people who place more trust in others are more likely to trust their government than are people who place less trust in each other. The independent variable for this experiment will be the level of trust placed in others by people and the dependent variable will be the trust placed in the government by the people. The relationship between the two variables should have a positive correlation if the hypothesis is correct. There have been many studies conducted by both sociologists and political scientists concerning these two variables and its effects on social capital. Social Capital 3 Academic Sources â€Å"Bowling Alone: America’s Declining Social Capital† Robert D. Putnam Robert Putnam addresses a few political science subfields in this article which can be found in the January 1995 issue of the Journal of Democracy. Public policy and American politics are the key subfields in which Putnam ventures in to. He examines the policies... Free Essays on Social Capital Free Essays on Social Capital Introduction Social capital has commonly been studied in recent years from the perspective of sociology and political science. Through the various different works of Robert Putnam, Francis Fukuyama, and James Coleman, as well as others, the complexity of social capital has been broken down to people’s relationships and the values which they hold with each other. Social capital has been regarded as a useful element in democratic governance (Putnam) and economic stability in countries (Fukuyama). Trust has become a main element in the development of social capital. Civic engagement, social networking, and participation in public organizations help boost social capital, but these trends are on the decline in America. Many theorists believe this is the reason for our lack of trust in the government. If the people do not place trust in each other, than how can they trust the people which they elect into office. This is the very concept in which I developed my hypothesis: In comparing individuals, people who place more trust in others are more likely to trust their government than are people who place less trust in each other. The independent variable for this experiment will be the level of trust placed in others by people and the dependent variable will be the trust placed in the government by the people. The relationship between the two variables should have a positive correlation if the hypothesis is correct. There have been many studies conducted by both sociologists and political scientists concerning these two variables and its effects on social capital. Social Capital 3 Academic Sources â€Å"Bowling Alone: America’s Declining Social Capital† Robert D. Putnam Robert Putnam addresses a few political science subfields in this article which can be found in the January 1995 issue of the Journal of Democracy. Public policy and American politics are the key subfields in which Putnam ventures in to. He examines the policies...

Stegners View of the True Hero of the West essays

Stegners View of the True Hero of the West essays The West -" home on the range where the deer and the antelope play; where seldom is heard a discouraging word and the sky is not cloudy all day."" The romantic idea of the land west of the hundredth meridian has often inspired songs and poetry, like this one, about idyllic conditions in this dry "paradise."" Often these ideas did not prove to be completely accurate, and a very few people attempted to present the facts to the public to dispel the romantic ideas of an effortless existence in these western lands. John Wesley Powell was one of these people. Wallace Stegner viewed Powell as a champion for science and one of the true heroes of this time because he did not follow the romantic ideas that so many of his contemporaries held about settlement in the West. One of the men Stegner presented as the epitome of Western romanticism was the Honorable William Gilpin, who eventually became the first territorial governor of Colorado. Throughout Stegner's book, he used Gilpin as a contrast to Powell, who represented science. Gilpin was the example of the people that Stegner believed to be enamored with the idea of the West as a huge frontier, able to support millions, without looking at the facts and examining the situation from a scientist's point of view. He pointed out several differences in Powell and Gilpin that illustrate how he believed Powell to be the hero, even though he was never recognized as one, and Gilpin to be a dreamer. Stegner gave several examples to prove that the loudest promoters of settlement were often ignorant of the lands in which they lived, which proved that they were in fact, unable to determine whether the West was ready to be settled. One of the examples Stegner used was the fact that Gilpin believed all Indian tribes to be the same. In his zeal to promote Western settlement, he made the statement that with settlement in these lands came a unity of the people of the United States. Native Americ...

For the third essay, you are going to select an issue that you feel Research Paper

Cyber Insecurity - Research Paper Example In fact, as part of globalization and for that matter technology, communication and commerce have been more enhanced than they used to be before. But as much as we talk of the advantages of globalization, it is also important to have a look at what the repercussions of globalization and for that matter influx of technology have been on the larger population of the world. Cybersecurity is a term that is often used to represent the kind of protection given to personal information and digital documents. In his article â€Å"Winning the fight against cyber crimes†, Lurrent (2012) argues that the need for cybersecurity has increased and become timely mainly because of increases of activities of illegal cyber operations. By this, reference is being made to the numerous acts of cyber attacks that are launched in the field of information systems. In the use of both personal and organized information systems, reports of information thief, virus attacks and other forms of information irregularities have been reported on a daily basis. Some of these are so serious that they easily result in people losing thousands of dollars especially when the bank details of users are tapped by cybercriminals. As much as these acts of cyber insecurity increase, there is the need for advanced countermeasures that can put the minds of end users at rest. In his article â €Å"Countermeasures for cybersecurity†, Deritck (2011) clearly states that unless pragmatic steps are taken to give total protection to users of the internet and other information systems against cyber insecurities of all forms, the interest that people have in using technology in advancing communication and commerce will bring down.  

Ancient Villages in Southern Anhui - Xidi and Hongcun Essay

Ancient Villages in Southern Anhui - Xidi and Hongcun - Essay Example However, in the villages of Xidi and Hongcun the ancient and traditional Huizhou-style houses are still well preserved. The houses which belong to the period of the Ming and Qing dynasties are considered to be architectural marvels, specially in terms of the design, material and craft used, as also from the environmental and social context they represent (english.cntv.cn, 2010). The villages thus represent a style of human settlement that came into vogue during a feudal period that symbolized a prosperous trading economy. The buildings and the street patterns in the two villages signify the socio-economic structure of a well established and long-lasting period of Chinese history. With the Huizhou businessmen natives of the time, that is, during the period of the Ming and Qing dynasties, strongly supporting the economic development of their hometowns, the areas became culturally prosperous. The houses constructed during that period displayed much aesthetic elegance and uniqueness. A n umber of prominent village landscapes also came to be established. A unique feature of life and culture of these ancient villages in southern Anhui is that their progress occurred generally independent of agriculture. Thus, in terms of their awareness, lifestyle and taste, the people of these areas were generally of a higher level than the common peasants and other common citizens. Thus, a strong cultural environment was created. They laid great emphasis on education since it was their constant endeavor to maintain a close interaction with the literati and officials. The villagers respected Confucianism. The picture below (Fig. 2) depicts an ancient Xidi clan temple. Fig. 2. An ancient Xidi clan temple (Source: http://www.travelpod.com/travel-blog-... Ancient Villages in Southern Anhui - Xidi and Hongcun The ancient villages of Xidi and Hongcun located in the southern Anhui province of China are World Cultural Heritage Sites. They are marvelous examples of well preserved traditional non-urban settlements most of which have disappeared or transformed during the last century. They possess architectural complexes of much historical and artistic value. Heritage sites everywhere are prone to environmental degradation while the inhabitants of those areas could likely experience socioeconomic problems. The preservation of such heritage sites requires active participation by the local government, international funding agencies such as UNESCO and the World Bank, local communities and the visitors who throng the sites. Another key issue related to tourism development is enhancement in tourism transportation which could lead to pollution caused by transportation (Jiang et al., 2010). A car is the mode of transport commonly used by tourists which has a high impact on the environment due to carbon dioxide emissions. An important issue related to social demography is the migration of villagers from Xidi and Hongcun to cities either as a result of the economic prosperity they have come to enjoy because of tourism or in the face of their inability to meet the competition from the same industry. Residents' perceptions and attitudes need to be periodically assessed, and conditions that encourage the local populace to continue to live and thrive in their hometowns should be created.

Effects of Education Essay Example for Free

Effects of Education Essay Education is an act of learning which enables one to realize his or her full potential and know areas that one is talented in order to exploit them[Grusky, 2001]. Education basically entails impacting of knowledge to individual. Social inequality on other hand is lack of basic necessities in life example access to health care and employment opportunities and others. Those individuals who are socially unequal with others are excluded form full and equal participation from what is important is one’s social life. Education has not had effect in increasing opportunity for all but instead it has reinforced existing social inequality. This is evidenced since one can only be educated on basic of his or her social class and their results to division between individuals, those who are educated continue to prosper while those who are not remain in poverty. It can also be evidenced in economic inequality since this is mainly as a result of social inequality. Economic inequality links with social inequality in that poor financial status hinders people from obtaining some education while some standards as others is , they cannot obtain the same housing, healthcare and also education. Lack of these basic necessities results to people living in the different classes to use different technologies according to their income. Socially education places people in different status which are mainly achieved through education because it determines over occupation which is the main determinant of one’s status in a community. In this, education brings about these differences since those who are educated bring up their siblings in the same status but for those who are not educated they cannot afford good education for their siblings. The position of a person in community can be determined by the social class one is in due to what he or she has achieved. This mainly comes in varying level of education that one has attained since those who are educated are employed and subsequently their standards of living are raised which make them different from common man who did not access education and therefore has not been able to achieve anything. People in different status are positioned differently in the society in regard to the way they can access different goods and services. Therefore the issue of education in status makes it clear that the social standards are very different between the education and those who are not learned because they have no opportunity to experience the high status of life. The difference brought about by effect of education on reinforcing social inequalities has resulted to basic life change. Such changes include physical health where by people don’t get access to the same health intervention which results in deterioration of health in those individuals who did not benefit from education. Apart from Medical intervention, learned individual have gained access to learning how one can live healthy, eat well to prevent diseases and they can readily access healthy product as compared to those who have no money nor basic education to help them overcome the poor health. The educated tend to keep the knowledge to themselves and help those who are also educated and leave the less fortunate to suffer with no =one to help them since they do not have money or basic education to help them overcome poor physical health. More also, social inequality brought about by difference in education background has brought about life change in psychological health in that those who are not educated have so many problems which keeps on torturing the affected person mentally. The psychological health can be brought about by depression or isolation from the others who consider one to be of low life since he or she has not gone through education system. Others engage in excessive drinking of alcohol and other illicit drugs which end up in destroying their mental capability which results to poor psychological health. In contrast social inequality comes in since those who are educated, even if problems comes their way they have different means of dealing with them and thus why they are always in good psychological health unlike the unlearned ones. Inequality can also be evidenced in basic life changes in food and shelter one uses. The issue of education does not benefit all since the educated can have good standards of life and live in good houses and eat better food than those who are not educated. These differences make people to have different social style since poor will only socialize with those whom they share the same social class with and the same applies to the rich. Particularly, social inequality comes in when one is wealthy which make them to use their money power to achieve various political powers but in contrast the poor remain poorer since they have no one to represent them due to lack of education. In other words education only benefits those who are educated but it’s not for all. The poor who are basically not educated, politically are much different from the uneducated since they are not equally represented which increases inequality in the society. Education has also brought difference in different racial; and ethnic group. This is because a different group views the value of education differently and the educated one continues to benefit while those who are not remain poor and poorer. Some groups values education while others do not which makes them to live in two distinct social classes. Their social inequalities are much strengthened by education since the educated and uneducated persons cannot interact freely. Also the level of education is different in different races and ethnic groups regarding to the way each group values the concept of education. Those who are learned can afford different technologies example the use of computer as compared to those who can not afford advanced technology and end up using manual methods to carry put their tasks. These differences makes individual not to interact freely with each other. Education has brought existing social inequality since it has brought difference in accessing job opportunities. Those who are educated mainly gets better jobs which distinct them from their uneducated counterparts who can not be offered the same job since they belong to different social class brought about by the level of education. Also operation of basic businesses requires educated individuals which entirely create a gap in operation between those who are educated and those who are not. The amount of wealth one has determines his social class which creates a gap between the rich and the poor. Those who are not learned are at a risk of social inequality since they lack access to basic education. This creates difference between the learned individual and therefore they can not relate freely. Socially these people are discriminated by those who are learned. Education has also brought about inequalities in goods and services taxes. During payments of these taxes inequality based on social class is evidenced since different individuals are taxed differently and in this, less educated may pay less taxes as compared to those who are educated since they have many assets as compared to poor. Sex and gender can also cause social in equality (Grusky, 2001). Many people view works differently and see to it that different jobs are for different sex. For example in most countries women are considered to perform domestic chaos while men go to work in offices. This creates inequality since even women can work in their areas and they should not be denied chance to work. Like in military jobs are viewed to be for men but in real sense even there are some women who can perform those tasks better than men. Geographical location of individual also matters since it depends on how those living in that geographical area view education and the impact it have in their lives. Citizenship is another factor since you find those living in different countries has achieved different levels of education which is different from each other. Their differences shows that the two groups cannot interact freely which brings about social inequality. Social inequality can Stimulate social conflicts and lead to political instability. People of different social background do not interact freely and incase of political instability you can see the two groups fighting. These social inequalities can result to family violence and breakups and this is evidenced when one is more educated than the other and therefore they share different social background. They can also stimulate street crimes whereby some people see to others as more advantaged than others since may be they are looking for jobs which are not forthcoming due difference in their educational backgrounds. Therefore, they can end up fighting those who they consider their rivals. These inequalities can also result to hate- crimes where one consider another person as a hindrance to his or her success or may be you hate your parents since they did not give basic education which is much needed. Therefore education has effect in increasing opportunity for all can only be achieved if everyone has had access to basic education which can be used to unify everyone. Otherwise, for unequal distribution of education it results to social inequality which is the case in real life today. So education has reinforced the existing social inequalities because not every one has an access to basic education to give opportunity to all.

The Signs and Effects of Autism Essay -- Autism Autistic Disorders Ess

The Signs and Effects of Autism Autism is a rare disease that has been noticed for centuries. The purest form of autism (high IQ and almost normal behavior yet still self-contained) occurs in about â€Å"one in 2,000 people†. When the many other forms of autism are added in, the ratio is â€Å"one in 750†. Autism is found in every race, ethnic group, nation, and social standing, although â€Å"males outnumber females by four or five times† (â€Å"Autistic Disorder† – 2). Autism is a broad range of disorders that stretch from mild to severe. There are many theories on the cause of autism, but no definite solution. Because of the broadness of the disease, there are many types and categories. The effects of autism are frustrating, and hard to live with. Since the causes remain unknown, there are no specific treatments that can cure autism. The first signs of autism are shown within the first three years of life. As an infant, parents will notice that the child is distant and does not respond to many things. The baby usually doesn’t develop any bonds with his/her mother or caretaker. When parents go to pick up an autistic child, he/she will seem rigid, limp, and will not do normal things like reach out for the parent. Another symptom is little to no eye contact. As with autism at any age, the child is obsessed with sameness and routines. For example, a child will want to eat the same foods every day at the same time. Inanimate objects also fascinate autistic children, though they do not use them as they are intended. They will play with a single toy for hours at a time. Autism was once thought to be the result of cold and distant parents. If the mother disliked or did not want the baby, it was thought that the baby knew this and would enclose itself in its own world. That theory has now been disproven and ma ny scientists now believe autism is caused by -1- genetics and/or illnesses. There are many stated genetic and biological causes but none seem unique to autism. Likewise, no specific gene has been targeted to cause autism. New evidence reveals that â€Å"the serotonin-transpoter gene† (Rapin, Isabelle – 101) may be related to the cause of this disease. Complications in birth are also taken into consideration. â€Å"Prenatal factors are intrauterine rubella, tuberous selerosis, chromosomal abnormalities, and brain abnormalities. Perinatal factors have little to no ... ...â€Å"Autistic Disorder† – 4). Another way of helping an autistic individual have a somewhat successful adult life is to develop his/her communication skills by age five. With the knowledge of communication he/she will likely improve. Yet, most will still need some sort of help from one or more adults. In conclusion, the broad range of disorders, known as autism, can’t be cured, but they can be helped in many ways. Many autistic people receive help from family and relatives. In an autistic person’s life, all he/she needs is love and understanding. -4- Although they may seem mentally challenged, many are very bright. Many have a higher IQ then what is usual. Autism can be a devastating disorder but to the affected individual, it is his/her normal world. BIBLIOGRAPHY â€Å"Autistic Disorder† McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Science and Technology. CD-ROM. 1998 ed. Campbell, Robert. The Enigma of the Mind. New York: Time-Life Books. 1976 Rapin, Isabelle. â€Å"Autism.† The New England Journal of Medicine 10 July 1997: 97 Wing, John. Reasoning About Madness. New York: Oxford University Press. 1987. Wing, Lorna. â€Å"The Autistic Spectrum.† The Lancet 13 July 1997: 1761-66.

Ap Us History Essay

Thesis Sentence: The lives of the Plains Indians in the second half of the nineteenth century were affected by technological developments and government actions politically, economically, religiously, socially, intellectually, and geographically. Body Paragraph #2 Background Paragraph – How the Indians were treated before the second half of the 19th Century. Body Paragraph #3 The technological developments and government actions affected the Indians in the second half of the 19th Century politically because: †¢ They did not have a say in government very much even though they were more â€Å"civilized† Body Paragraph #4 The technological developments and government actions affected the Indians in the second half of the 19th Century economically because: †¢ Transcontinental Railroad – Indians lost their food sources, such as bison, due to the rapid constructions of buildings and technological things that did not let the bison roam free Lots of bison caused hunting -> they almost went extinct Body Paragraph #5 The technological developments and government actions affected the Indians in the second half of the 19th Century religiously because: †¢ Indians that changed left their culture and spiritual practices behind Became Christians – only a few Were allowed in churches †¢ Indians that did not changed were being forced to change Body Paragraph #6 The technological developments and government actions affected the Indians in the second half of the 19th Century socially because: †¢ Indians who changed left their practices and became more â€Å"civilized† according to the white Americans They were more accepted than the non-changed Indians Body Paragraph #7 The technological developments and government actions affected the Indians in the second half of the 19th Century intellectually because: †¢ Indians who changed got the same education white Americans did Went to better schools †¢ Indians who did not change were not as well educated as the other Indians †¢ All Indians were better equipped when it came to hunting because they had guns instead of bows n’ arrows Death rate while hunting went down Body Paragraph #8 The technological developments and government actions affected the Indians in the second half of the 19th Century geographically because: †¢ Were given crappy land Were kicked out of them when the Americans found out that there was gold in that area Homestead Act/ Dawes Act Conclusion: During the second half of the 19th Century, the Indians were affected by the technological developments and government actions in many ways more than one. They were still not accepted politically. They lost a lot of economical resources in the process of the technological progression. The Indians were forced to change their religion to Christianity in order to become â€Å"civilized† in the eyes of the white Americans. They were socially accepted in some ways by the white Americans if they converted to Christianity. The Indians became intellectually smarter when they grasped new technological developments like the gun (new for them) so that they could hunt properly. However, they lost a lot of land to the white Americans geographically. The second half of the 19th Century gave the Indians more problems than happiness.

Nonverbal Communication Codes Essay

1. What nonverbal messages are being sent in this image? Why are you looking at me? Is the nonverbal message that I would take from the woman with the bad tan. 2. What type of nonverbal communication codes are being used to deliver the messages? I believe the nonverbal message in this image is Affect Displays. A woman with an obvious bad tan seems as though she has a negative reaction to the gentleman that’s doing a double take, looking at her. Her facial expression has a look of irritation from the staring 3. What effect does each message have on the other people in the image? It is hard to determine the effect on the other people that is in the image; however, I suppose the people that are around them that saw the interaction should’ve felt the awkwardness as well. It would be obvious that the signal would be not to get involved and to look away. 4. What nonverbal communication skills and strategies could be used to communicate effectively in this situation? Smiling or showing a friendly face and eye contact should have been made to reduce the feeling of inadequacy or awkwardness. 1. What cultural barriers are seen in this image? I believe the gentleman is focused on the group of woman because he is trying to figure out their dress and culture because it is different than his. 2. What type of nonverbal communication codes are being used to deliver the messages? I feel like the type of nonverbal communication codes that is being used is Affect Displays and Regulators. The gentleman’s posture is used to communicate his emotion and his posture asked the question, â€Å"what are you are doing, and why you dressed that way?† This is an example of the affect Displays because his posture is showing emotions. The other code that is then displayed is the regulator because he is giving eye contact to the group with a facial expression, and open mouth or raised eyebrow, trying to get the group’s attention. 3. What effect does each message have on the other people in the image? The effect that each person has in the image is of non-affect. No one has notice the gentleman’s non-verbal communication methods. Either no one sees it, or he is being ignored, based off of the individuals in the picture. 4. What nonverbal communication skills and strategies could be used to communicate effectively in this situation? The nonverbal communication skills and strategies that can be used to communicate effectively in this situation were simply being a friendly face and smile to show no threat. Also, if the gentleman was really serious, he should have stopped and face the group that he was trying to get their attention 1. What nonverbal messages are being sent in this image? The nonverbal message in this image says that there are still places in Asia where smoking continues to be allowed in some public places; and, smoking is a popular thing to do. 2. What type of nonverbal communication codes are being used to deliver the messages? The nonverbal communication code that is used to deliver this message is the Adapters. Adapters are nonverbal behaviors that help you satisfy personal needs and adapt to the immediate situation or surroundings. 3. What effect does each message have on the other people in the image? The effect that being an adapter in this image has on other people in the image I believe is that smoking is addictive and if one person smokes a cigarette and you are a smoker thing you will want a cigarette as well. 4. What nonverbal communication skills and strategies could be used to communicate effectively in this situation? I am not a smoker; I would either leave the room or show displeasure from secondhand smoke. 1. What cultural barriers can be seen in this image? 2. What nonverbal messages are being sent in this image? 3. What type of nonverbal communication codes are being used to deliver the messages? 4. What effect does each message have on the other people in the image? 5. What nonverbal communication skills and strategies could be used to communicate effectively in this situation? 1. What cultural barriers can be seen in this image? The cultural barriers in this image can be defined as business people who are possibly on their way to work on being a know it annoyed by a woman on her cell phone, not paying attention to where she’s going. 2. What nonverbal messages are being sent in this image? In this image, the people display a busy, business like image. The affect display can be displayed through their posture, and by putting little expression on their faces. It is almost as if it is a hostile rush to get where they’re going. 3. What type of nonverbal communication codes are being used to deliver the messages? The nonverbal communication codes that can be displayed from this image is the Affect Display. 4. What effect does each message have on the other people in the image? It seems as though the people in this image are annoyed by the woman was talking on her cell phone and not paying attention to where she’s going or having a very loud conversation. 5. What nonverbal communication skills and strategies could be used to communicate effectively in this situation? Lady, please hang up the phone and watch where you’re going.

Analysis of Act IV scene 1, in three different versions of The Merchant Of Venice Essay Example

Analysis of Act IV scene 1, in three different versions of The Merchant Of Venice Essay Example Analysis of Act IV scene 1, in three different versions of The Merchant Of Venice Paper Analysis of Act IV scene 1, in three different versions of The Merchant Of Venice Paper Essay Topic: Merchant Of Venice Play Act IV scene 1 is an intense scene in the play where we see many of the plays main themes such as justice and mercy, money and status, revenge, loyalty, love and prejudice and tolerance. Shakespeare presents a harsh character in Shylock the Jew, but the fact that he also gives him the chance to speak more than any other European playwright preceding him would suggest that his portrayal is not conventional but much more complex for example in his words in Act III scene 1, lines 57-58: I am a Jew. Hath not a Jew eyes? Hath not a Jew hands, organs, dimensions? Much of Shakespeares enduring appeal has been in his amazing portrayal of the complexities of the human condition for example Hamlet or Macbeth. Traditionally Jews were the evil villains of Elizabethan drama, frequently Machiavellian or greedy but unlike his contemporaries Shakespeares characters were never simply good or evil but embody the complex mix within each of us that makes us human. The main dilemma in staging this play today is in the consideration of Shakespeares possible anti-semitism and/or sympathies towards his character and indeed whether Shylock only represents the Jewish people or whether he is symbolic of oppression of minority races in general. Through Shylocks forced conversion in this scene we are reminded of the conversions of other religions according to the ruler of the time such as Henry VIII. This would suggest that Shakespeare is using Shylock as more than a symbol of Jewishness. In this piece of coursework I will be examining mainly how sympathetic or unsympathetic the various versions seem to be and how each Director has succeeded in making the character of Shylock worthy of Shakespeares realism. Jews were traditionally viewed as outsiders and were not citizens. Christians as far back as the 11th century could not lend money without interest and many Jews earned a living from this profession as they could not join the artisan guilds. As they became their own debt collectors they soon became the target of resentment. A myth was born; with which Shakespeares audience would have been familiar, of ritual murder or blood libel that Jews would kill adult Christians. It is to this myth to which Shakespeare seems to allude in the pound of flesh incident in this scene. Shakespeare is original in showing us the extent to which Shylock is oppressed by Christians surrounding him and it is through this that Shakespeare succeeds in drawing out sympathy from his audience. Analysis of Act IV scene 1 In the text of Act IV scene 1 before we meet Shylock he is described as a stony adversary, an inhuman wretch, incapable of pity, void and empty from any dram of mercy. Antonio describes Shylocks spirit as being full of tyranny and rage. When Shylock enters into the scene the Duke challenges him saying The world thinks, and I think so too, that thou but leadest this fashion of thy malice To the last hour of act, and then tis thought Thoult show thy mercy and remorse more strange than is thy strange apparent cruelty. At this point the audience is immediately drawn into the suspense of the scene. The Duke speaks for everyone in hoping that Shylock will back down. The combination of the Dukes speech on mercy and his hope for a gentle answer with Shylocks contemptuous reply serves to further provoke the audience. Calling Shylock Jew instead of using his name also manipulates the audiences reactions into thinking of the stereotype rather than the individual. At this point the Duke says Let him stand before our face suggests Shylock should stand centre stage for this speech. Shylocks reply to the Duke and onlookers is so long winded that he immediately loses favour. This speech would be effective if he was standing up as he speaks about his values. It is a central point in the scene as it is his first opportunity to defend himself but he does not elicit sympathy from his onlookers. He is instead twisting, evasive and difficult: So can I give no reason, nor I will not, more than a lodged hatred and a certain loathing I bear Antonio. He ends this key speech in his defence with an open admission of his hatred. His illustrations of animals, later paralleled in Antonios speech, are deliberately offensive. He plays with the words of Bassanio, twists them and turns them back on the speaker providing a quickfire dialogue which builds up the tension from the outset. The repeated references to the Jew suggest an element of anti-semitism. The imagery of the wolf and the lamb is very effective as it evokes both blood lust for an innocent creature and also the key theme of religion in the form of the lamb of God. His Jewish heart again evokes the stereotype of the unfeeling moneylender. The Dukes repeated pleas for mercy, a key theme in the scene, serve only to enforce Shylocks determination to have exactly what he is owed: the pound of flesh. Ironically this steadfast and unrelenting desire to have his bond is what ultimately results in his downfall at the end of the scene. There is a certain irony in Shylocks swearing on our holy Sabbath to have his bond as God teaches forgiveness. His demand of What judgement shall I dread, doing no wrong? conveys his arrogance as he seems utterly convinced of being in the right. When Shylock challenges his onlookers as to their treatment of slaves, this could suggest a defence of those oppressed and support the view that Shakespeares position was not only pro-Jewish but more globally in support of oppressed minorities in general. The climax of Shylocks claim is spoken with great force and evokes some sympathy finally when he alludes to how the pound of flesh is dearly bought. I would exploit this line as a key point in his speech. When he demands the fatal reply from the Court it is ironic as it is the intricacies of the law of Venice which eventually condemns him. He could conceivably be holding his bond in his hand at this stage for maximum visual impact. Bassanios words The Jew shall have my flesh, blood, bones and all are somewhat reminiscent of Shylocks earlier words in Act III scene I: I am a Jew. Hath not a Jew eyes? Hath not a Jew hands, organs, dimensions? His reference to one drop of blood also sets the scene for what will unfold and heightens the audiences suspense as to a possible blood libel. Gratianos pun on sole and soul indicate for us how Shylock is sharpening his knife. At this point sympathy for Shylock must be at its lowest as he does indeed come across as having bloody and ravenous desires and he again seems to dismiss Bassanios words with contempt. Antonio and Bassanio must surely end this section feeling thoroughly pessimistic. Their speech would surely be filled with tension and a desperate sense of urgency. With Portias arrival, however, the mood immediately lightens. As a symbol of Christianity her determined pleas for mercy provide hope for a more positive outcome and compel the audience further. Even Portia refers initially to Shylock as the Jew. Her lyrical and moving speech regarding the quality of mercy dropping as the gentle rain from heaven contrasts sharply with Antonios earlier speech on Shylocks lack of mercy: You may as well forbid the mountain pines to wag their high tops and to make no noise when they are fretten with the gusts of heaven. It also contrasts with Shylocks short punctuated sentences. When Portia suggests that Shylock will be blessed in return for showing mercy it is loaded with irony as at the end he is granted mercy regardless of not having done the same. Shylocks patience seems to be running out when he challenges Portias words: My deeds upon my head, I crave the law, the penalty and forfeit of my bond. I imagine this said with controlled anger. Throughout this speech Shylock remains determined and unmoved. He continues to make religious references and begins to compliment Portia on her apparent wisdom. He recites passages from his bond one imagines in a tone of expectation at things going his way. When Bassanio and Gratiano speak with great emotion of their own wives whom they would sacrifice for Antonios sake, their words are contrasted with Shylocks to great effect: I have a daughter. This for the first time really underlines the pain that Shylock has been caused and shows that rather than being a man incapable of emotion, that he too has suffered greatly and that this is at the root of his determination to have what he is rightfully owed. The change in mood at this point makes Portias verdict even more shocking and sudden. Ironically Shylock who seemed earlier to know every word of his bond now seems somewhat uncertain for the first time as Portia recites the word of the law to him: Is that the law? He then persists in d emanding the bond thrice and seems suddenly unsettled, edgy and in a hurry to depart. This is conveyed through his short, punctuated speech. Towards the end of the scene in a dramatic and ironic role reversal we see Shylock begging for his livelihood and his life: Nay, take my life and all, pardon not that. You take my house, when you do take the prop That doth sustain my house; you take my life, When you do take the means whereby I live. His poignant words I am content in reply to the verdict granted by the Court I imagine being said with utmost humility. His claims of being not well could elicit sympathy from the audience. We are reminded here of him as not only being a cantankerous man but primarily an old man, fragile and ephemeral like other humans. It is on this note that Shakespeare chooses to herald Shylocks exit. Discussion of version 1 The Channel 4 television version was produced and directed by Alan Horrox and starred Bob Peck as Shylock and Benjamin Whitrow as Antonio. This version was very traditional it was set in Venice in the sixteenth century and was filmed both in studio (Millennium studios) and on location in Venice. Music is also used in this version both during Portias speech on mercy and again when Shylock is going to cut Antonio this adds to the suspense of the scene. This version portrays Shylock in parts as a harsh character for whom you would show less sympathy. He is portrayed as a haughty character and points his finger at Antonio saying The pound of flesh which I demand of him is dearly bought, tis mine and I will have it. In a later part of the scene his haughty attitude is reinforced when he is again asked to show mercy he replies On what compulsion must I? Tell me that. Close up camera work was used effectively at this point. Shylocks character changes when he feels things are going his way, he grovels to Portia and praises her, he has a look of pleasure on his face when he unsheathes his knife and is ready to cut Antonio. When Shylock is about to cut Antonio he notices that he has a cross around his neck and so he pushes it over his shoulder demonstrating his dislike of Christianity. However, his attitude changes to one of shock when Portia stops him. From this point onward one is inclined to feel sorry for Shylock as he goes from being quite wealthy to losing everything because of his own stubborn attitude and lack of sympathy. At the very end of the scene when Shylock is on his knees you are inclined to feel sympathetic towards him. Discussion of version 2 Trevor Nunn directed this version and it starred Henry Goodman as Shylock and David Bamber as Antonio. It was filmed at Pinewood Studios. The setting was very stark with most actors wearing dark suits and it was set in the 1920s in between the two World Wars. Through this version we see the many different sides to Shylocks character. At the start of the scene he appears as an old man who has difficulty in walking which elicits a little sympathy. However, Shylocks character is strong and when he is insisting on his bond the previous feeling of sympathy changes to one of abhorrence. His dislike of both Christianity and Antonio is noted early in the scene by his facial expression when he states, More than a lodged hate and a certain loathing I bear Antonio, that I follow thus. Antonio further emphasises Shylocks Jewishness when he states As seek to soften that than which whats harder? His Jewish heart. here showing how Shylock is viewed as hard hearted. Feelings change again when Shylock says with regard to his daughter dearly bought as this evokes sympathy for him and close up camera work is used effectively at this point. Shylock speaks with anger refusing to show mercy and insisting on his bond. When Bassanio said Yes, here I tender it for him in the court, Yea, twice the sum, if that will not suffice, I will be bound to pay it ten times oer On forfeit of my hands, my head, my heart. If this will not suffice, it must appear That malice bears down truth applause was used effectively to show support for Antonio and to isolate Shylock. Shylock goes on to appear very happy and excited at the prospect of receiving his bond. However, when the tables are turned he is stubborn and refuses to beg for mercy this could evoke anti-semitic feelings as he is portrayed standing alone while Antonio has the support of his Christian friends. Although Shylock remained seated at the end I still felt sorry for him as he looked old and frail especially when he removed his Jewish hat and cloth placing them on the scales as he left. Discussion of version 3 This version was directed for television by John Sichel and starred Laurence Olivier as Shylock, Anthony Nichols as Antonio. The actors all wore Victorian costumes and the setting was like a board meeting with all in attendance sitting round it and the furniture was very ornate. This created a highly pressurised environment. Shylock was more confident and walked round the table, his voice was strong and facial expressions were used effectively to portray his emotions. Again we see the confident, stubborn man in early scenes when Shylock is demanding his bond. He shows his disgust and hatred of Antonio both by his facial expression and tone of voice, when he says a certain loathing I bear Antonio. He shows his confidence in his demands when he walks about saying What judgement shall I dread, doing no wrong? His feelings show pleasure as he smiles when sharpening his knife to cut his pound of flesh. He speaks with great arrogance when he says, On what compulsion must I? showing his determination to have what is owed. There is sarcasm in his voice when he refers to Christian husbands willing to sacrifice their wives for Antonio by saying These be the Christian husbands. The lighting was impressive throughout the scene and there was effective close up camera work during Portias speech, for example, when she said, It blesseth him that gives, and him that takes. and also when Shylock made the statement I have a daughter because this focused on Shylocks suffering for the first time.. In this version Shylock is a more arrogant character. He raises his voice and gets extremely angry and looks shocked and surprised when he asks the question Is that the law? At the very end of the scene you feel sorry for Shylock, as he seems old, fragile and weak. He looks as though he has lost everything in the world and he has to hold onto a pillar for support. He falls to the ground and is helped out of the room. The scene ends with just the sound of Shylock crying outside which is very effective as it emphasises his isolation. Comparison of versions and personal opinions Although all three versions told exactly the same story they all had very different settings and portrayed Shylock in a slightly different way although each one elicited sympathy for him. The Channel 4 version was very colourful and used traditional Shakespearean costumes. Lighting and music were used effectively and the setting gave the impression of a real courtroom. I felt some sympathy for Shylock in this version The Trevor Nunn version was simplistic, with most actors dressed in dark suits. It gave me the impression of rival mafia style gangs. The final version, which was done by the National Theatre Company, was my favourite. Laurence Olivier portrayed Shylock as a strong confident character who moved around the room making him appear more arrogant than in the other two versions but also eliciting sympathy. I felt this version was the best as it succeeded in conveying the complexities of Shylocks character. We saw both arrogance and frailty and I thought it conveyed the story as Shakespeare was trying to put it across in the text.

Free sample - Mending Wall Analysis. translation missing

Mending Wall Analysis. Mending Wall AnalysisI find myself struggling to decide if the author of the â€Å"Mending Wall† is unreliable or somewhere in the middle between reliable.   I feel a tugging in the direction of unreliable as the author seems not to know all the relevant information to consistently interpret the events accurately. The author conflicts with what he says and what he lacks to do or doesn’t do in that he is constantly questioning the purpose of the wall in his particular case and the necessity of it, but he does nothing to remove the wall or to discuss the need of the wall to his neighbor. This leaves me to interpret that the speaker is trying to express his ideas about barriers between people and the feeling or sense of security that walls can give, and that the wall in the poem is symbolic of the barriers people erect in relationships. An odd observation in this poem I noticed is that the author is speaking to the stones â€Å"stay where you are until our backs are turned!† it seems that the man may be so bored not having anyone to speak with that he would talk to anything. The only thing in the poem the neighbors says is â€Å"Good fences make good neighbors† so maybe the neighbor isn’t much of a conversationalist and maybe the author has only the wall to converse with which would make the wall really a better neighbor than the actual neighbor. It is amusing that the author referrers to his neighbor as an â€Å"old stone savage,† but, I believe the author means his neighbor is single mindedly focused on the wall and the idea of maintaining its existence will somehow make good relations with his neighbors. The one sided fixation approach to the maintenance of the wall by his neighbor is what prompted the author to call him an â€Å"old stone savage,† that won’t go against his father’s advice.